First prize at poster presentation
2019-09-23
Niclas König won first prize for his poster at the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society 2019 Braga, Portugal.
News
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Chronic stress causes genetic changes in chickens
Researchers looked for signs of how chronic stress can affect the genes of the chickens, causing “epigenetic changes”. Photograph: Matton How can stress in animals be measured? Scientists from Uppsala University and elsewhere have now found that what are known as epigenetic biomarkers could be used to detect long-term exposure to stress in commercially raised chickens. This may, in time, lead to improved conditions in animal rearing. The study has been published in the journal Frontiers in Genetics.
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Kraftiga tidvatten kan ha drivit på fiskarnas utveckling
Simulation of the tide at the end of silur. The colors indicate the tide height in meters for two different tide parameters. Photograph: Mattias Green/Bangor University Big tidal ranges some 400 million years ago may have initiated the evolution of bony fish and land vertebrates. This theory is now supported by researchers in the UK and at Uppsala University who, for the first time, have used established mathematical models to simulate tides on Earth during this period. The study has been published in Proceedings of the Royal Society A.
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A tiny jaw from Greenland sheds light on the origin of complex teeth
A team of scientists led from Uppsala University have described the earliest known example of dentary bone with two rows of cusps on molars and double-rooted teeth. The new findings offer insight into mammal tooth evolution, particularly the development of double-rooted teeth. The results are published in the scientific journal PNAS.
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A rare look at a dinosaur baby inside its egg
Using synchrotron X-rays, the researchers created an image of the skull from a sauropod embryo, including the parts that were embedded in the rocks. Photograph: Photo: Kundrát et al The great long-necked dinosaurs, or sauropods, of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods were the largest animals ever to live on land. In a paper published in Current Biology, an international team of researchers including members from Uppsala University use cutting-edge imaging technology to give us a unique glimpse of the very beginning of a sauropod life: the face of an unhatched young inside an egg.
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Tuatarans arvsmassa visar dess spännande historia
Tuataran kan bli över 100 år gammal. Foto/bild: Nicola Nelson Ett internationellt forskarteam har kartlagt genomet hos tuataran, en sällsynt reptil som endast finns på Nya Zeeland. Arten, som också kallas bryggödla på svenska, bildade en egen evolutionär gren redan för 250 miljoner år sedan. I den nya studien har forskarna bland annat kunnat se att tuataran har fler gener som skyddar mot åldersrelaterade skador än något annat undersökt ryggradsdjur. Forskningen publiceras i tidskriften Nature.
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Ny kunskap om kontakten mellan olika stenålderskulturer
Mannen i grav 54 från det gropkeramiska gravfältet Ajvide på Gotland är begravd i raklångt ryggläge, typiskt för gropkeramiska gravar. Foto/bild: Göran Burenhult Vilken sorts utbyte hade stenålderns olika kulturer med varandra? I en ny tvärvetenskaplig studie har forskare kombinerat arkeologisk och genetisk information för att bättre förstå kulturella influenser från stridsyxekultur som påträffats i gravar från den så kallade gropkeramiska kulturen. Resultaten publiceras i den vetenskapliga tidskriften American Journal of Physical Anthropology.
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DNA från Dödahavsrullarna en ny ingång till historien
Dödahavsrullarna består av 25 000 fragment av pergament och papyrus som hittades 1947 i Qumran på Västbanken. De gömdes undan där år 70 e. Kr. och är ungefär 2 000 år gamla. Foto/bild: Courtesy of the Israel Antiquities uthority. Shai Halevi Forskare vid Uppsala universitet har, tillsammans med kollegor i Israel, lyckats utvinna DNA ur de över 2 000 år gamla Dödahavsrullarna. Informationen om djuren vars skinn använts till pergament gör det möjligt för historiker att dra slutsatser om vilka textfragment som hör ihop men också om hur pass representativa texterna verkligen är för judendomen vid den här tiden.
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Short film about Evolution and Developmental biology
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Thousands of teeth tell the long history of sharks
Doctoral student Mohamad Bazzi holding a lamniform shark tooth. Photograph: Jordi Estefa Sharks have roamed the earth’s oceans for around 450 million years. Although they survived the catastrophic extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs, that event did alter the balance between two important shark groups. In his degree project, Mohamad Bazzi investigates which types of shark have been most successful during different periods.
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Per Ahlberg i Vetenskapens värld
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Meet our scientists at Scifest!
On March 5 - 7, Uppsala University and SLU hosts the science festival Scifest at Fyrishov. Many scientists from the Department of Organismal Biology will be there.
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Professor Joëlle Rüegg intervjuad i TV4
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Carina Schlebusch ny Wallenberg Academy Fellow
Carina Schlebusch, Terje Falck-Ytter och Haining Tian vid Uppsala universitet har utsetts till Wallenberg Academy Fellows. Utnämningen kommer med ett femårigt anslag som ska främja långsiktighet i forskningen.
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Björkénska priset för framstående forskning till evolutionsbiolog och paleontolog
Per Ahlberg, professor inom evolution och utvecklingsbiologi vid institutionen för organismbiologi och Lars Holmer, professor i historisk geologi och paleontologi vid institutionen för geovetenskaper har utsetts till 2019 års mottagare av Björkénska priset – ett av Uppsala universitets största vetenskapliga pris för framstående forskning.
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2019 års Oscarspris till Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki och Yaffa Epstein
Uppsala universitets Oscarspris till yngre forskare har tilldelats Yaffa Epstein vid juridiska institutionen och Grzegorz Niedzwiedzki vid institutionen för organismbiologi.
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New and surprising light on the earliest tetrapods
Artistic reconstruction of the Sosnogorsk lagoon just before a deadly storm. Credit: Mikhail Shekhanov for the Ukhta Local Museum. Superbly preserved fossils from Russia, excavated with support of a grant from the National Geographic Society and described today by an international team in the leading scientific journal Nature, cast new and surprising light on one of the earliest tetrapods – the group of animals that made the evolutionary transition from water to land and ultimately became the ancestors not just of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, but of ourselves.
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DNA study sheds new light on the Neolithic Battle Axe Culture
Skeleton from a man linked to the Scandinavian battle ax culture that arose about 5,000 years ago. DNA from this individual was analyzed in the study. Photograph: Jonas Karlsson, Östergötland Museum In an interdisciplinary study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, an international research team has combined archaeological, genetic and stable isotope data to understand the demographic processes associated with the iconic Battle Axe Culture and its introduction in Scandinavia.
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Photosynthesis in the dark
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First prize at poster presentation
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Who Does What in the Heterogeneous VTA?
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Filter-feeding pterosaurs were the flamingoes of the Late Jurassic
The scans revealed many microscopic food remains including foraminifera (small amoeboid protists with external shells), small shells of marine invertebrates and possible remains of polychaete worms. Photograph: Qvarnström mfl. Modern flamingoes employ filter feeding and their feces are, as a result, rich in remains of microscopically-small aquatic prey. Very similar contents are described from more than 150 million year old pterosaur droppings in a recent paper in PeerJ. This represents the first direct evidence of filter-feeding in Late Jurassic pterosaurs and demonstrates that their diet and feeding environment were similar to those of modern flamingoes.
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New article about fairy rings
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Studies of fungi provide new knowledge of harmful mutations in cells
Historically, fairy rings have been associated with various supernatural notions, such as traces of witches’ cauldrons, dancing elves or other magical creatures. Photograph: Markus Hiltunen Long-lived mushrooms that grow in ‘fairy rings’ accumulate surprisingly few mutations over time. This finding indicates that their protection against harmful mutations is well developed. The results, to be published in the esteemed journal Current Biology, are interesting in terms of both medicine and evolutionary biology.
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Uppsalabotanist hedras i Addis Abeba
Inga Hedberg i tjänsterummet på institutionen för organismbiologi I maj åkte Inga Hedberg tillbaka till Addis Abeba för att hedras för sitt arbete med Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea som färdigställdes för tio år sedan. En flora i 8 volymer som nog inte hade blivit av utan Inga och Olle Hedberg.
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Paper second place winner of Mark A. Smith Award in Neurochemistry
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Megalith tombs were family graves in European Stone Age
Grave in Primerose, Ireland. The team found an overrepresentation of males compared to females in the megalith tombs on the British Isles. Photograph: Göran Burenhult In a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, an international research team, led from Uppsala University, discovered kin relationships among Stone Age individuals buried in megalithic tombs on Ireland and in Sweden. The kin relations can be traced for more than ten generations and suggests that megaliths were graves for kindred groups in Stone Age northwestern Europe.
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Meet biologists at Scifest!
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Mattias Jakobsson medverkar i "De första svenskarna" på SVT
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New findings about the 210 million year old dinosaur-like archosaur
Coprolites, or fossil droppings, of the dinosaur-like archosaur Smok wawelski contain lots of chewed-up bone fragments. Photograph: Gerard Gierlinski Coprolites, or fossil droppings, of the dinosaur-like archosaur Smok wawelski contain lots of chewed-up bone fragments. This led researchers at Uppsala University to conclude that this top predator was exploiting bones for salt and marrow, a behavior often linked to mammals but seldom to archosaurs.
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Individual lichens can have up to three fungi, study shows
Wolf lichens can have up to three different fungi. Photo: Veera Tuvoinen. International research team uses genome sequencing to show that a lichen can contain up to three different fungi.
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Gigantic mammal “cousin” discovered
Skeleton of Lisowicia bojani. Photograph: Tomasz Sulej During the Triassic period (252–201 million years ago) mammal-like reptiles called therapsids co-existed with ancestors to dinosaurs, crocodiles, mammals, pterosaurs, turtles, frogs, and lizards. One group of therapsids are the dicynodonts. Researchers at Uppsala University in Sweden, together with colleagues in Poland, have discovered fossils from a new genus of gigantic dicynodont. The new species is described in the journal Science.
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Ny Archaeopteryx-art upptäckt
Rekonstruktion av Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi av Zhao Chuang. Foto/bild: Zhao Chuang Efter sju år av vetenskapliga undersökningar kan forskare konstatera att en ny art av dinofågeln Archaeopteryx har hittats, Archaeopteryx albersdoerferi. Flera forskare från Uppsala universitet är delaktiga i studien, vars resultat visar att den nya arten är ungefär 400 000 år yngre än de andra Archaeopteryx som tidigare har påträffats.
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Unravelling the genetics of fungal fratricide
Selfish genes are genes that are passed on to the next generation but confer no advantage on the individual as a whole, and may sometimes be harmful. Researchers at Uppsala University have, for the first time, sequenced (or charted) two selfish genes in the fungus Neurospora intermedia that cause fungal spores to kill their siblings. Unexpectedly, the genes were not related to each other, perhaps indicating that selfish genes are more common than previously thought.
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New findings about the role of glutamate release in addiction
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Niclas König awarded grant from the Swedish Brain Foundation
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New findings about the role of glutamate release in addiction
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The end-Cretaceous extinction unleashed modern shark diversity
A study that examined the shape of hundreds of fossilized shark teeth suggests that modern shark biodiversity was triggered by the end-Cretaceous mass extinction event, about 66 million years ago.
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Understanding soil through its microbiome
First global survey of soil genomics reveals a war between fungi and bacteria.
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Niclas König awarded grant from the Swedish Brain Foundation
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Endocrine-disrupting pesticides impair frog reproduction
In a new study, researchers from Sweden and Britain have investigated how the endocrine-disrupting substance linuron affects reproduction in the West African clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis. The scientists found that linuron, which is used as a pesticicide, impaired the males' fertility, and that tadpoles developed ovaries instead of testicles to a greater extent, which caused a female?biased sex ratio. The results are published in the journal Scientific Reports.
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Per Ahlberg elected as new member of Academy of Europe
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Uppsala Photon Science Award
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Genetic prehistory of Iberia
In a multidisciplinary study published in PNAS, an international team of researchers combined archaeological, genetic and stable isotope data to encapsulate 4,000 years of Iberian biomolecular prehistory. Scientists from Human Evolution were co-authors to the study.
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New report on the science of pesticide risk assessment for amphibians and reptiles
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Fossil berättar om hur första dinofågeln Archaeopteryx kunde flyga
Frågan om huruvida dinofågeln Archaeopteryx från yngre juraperioden höll sig på marken, var en glidare eller en aktiv flygare har fascinerat paleontologer i årtionden. En internationell forskargrupp har använt synkrotron-mikrotomografi för att kunna hitta svar på frågan utan att skada fossilen. Resultaten visar att Archaeopteryx vingar var utformade för tillfälliga flygturer, men inte för så avancerade flygningar som dagens fåglar klarar.
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Genomic data suggest two main migrations into Scandinavia after the last ice age
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The genome of Inocybe terrigena
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Single cell genomics shows relations among Dinoflagellates